100 Important Points Every Site Engineer Must Know – Hindi + English Mix Site Engineer Guide: 100 Key Points for Field & Exam in Hindi Top 100 Important Points for Civil Site Engineer – Hindi & English Site Engineer Tips: 100 Essential Points for Construction & Exams
1. Foundation (नींव)
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Types: Shallow (Strip, Isolated, Raft) और Deep (Pile, Caisson, Well)
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Load Transfer: Foundation का काम load को soil तक safely पहुँचाना है।
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Soil Bearing Capacity: हमेशा पता होना चाहिए।
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Settlement:
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Uniform Settlement: Building evenly नीचे बैठती है
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Differential Settlement: अलग-अलग parts अलग speed से नीचे, dangerous हो सकता है
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Water Table Effect: High water table वाले sites में design अलग।
2. Structural Components (संरचनात्मक भाग)
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Column (स्तंभ): Vertical load carry करता है
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Beam (त्राव/बीम): Slab और horizontal load support करता है
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Slab (छत): Load को beams तक transfer करता है, types: One-way, Two-way
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Lintel: Doors/windows ke ऊपर load transfer करता है
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Staircase & Roof: Load distribution aur safety ke liye important
3. Materials (सामग्री)
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Cement, Sand, Aggregate: Quality और mix ratio पता होना चाहिए
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Concrete (CC & RCC):
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RCC: Compression – concrete, Tension – steel
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Water-Cement Ratio: Strength ke liye critical
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Steel: Yield strength, grade aur placement समझना जरूरी
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Bricks & Blocks: Types, bonding pattern (English/Flemish bond), strength
4. Construction Techniques (निर्माण तकनीक)
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Concrete pouring और curing (7 days minimum)
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Formwork/Shuttering: Accurate size & alignment ke liye
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Waterproofing: Terrace, bathroom, basement me जरूरी
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Plastering & Finishing: Smooth aur protective finish
5. Load & Design Considerations (लोड और डिज़ाइन)
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Dead Load: Building ka khud ka weight
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Live Load: Human, furniture etc.
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Wind & Seismic Load: Earthquake prone area me design
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Load Combinations: IS 456 ke rules follow karna
6. Safety & Codes (सुरक्षा और कोड)
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IS Codes:
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IS 456 – Concrete
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IS 1893 – Earthquake
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IS 3370 – Water tanks
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Fire safety aur escape routes
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Ventilation & Lighting standards
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Stair slope aur handrail height
7. Utilities & Services (सुविधाएँ)
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Plumbing & Drainage layout
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Electrical conduit planning
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HVAC ducts (if applicable)
8. Site Survey & Planning (साइट सर्वे और प्लानिंग)
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Plot leveling & contouring
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Soil testing & bore log
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Site drainage & rainwater management
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Building orientation (Sunlight & Wind ke liye)
9. Documentation (दस्तावेज़)
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Drawings: Plan, Section, Elevation, Detail
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BOQ (Bill of Quantity)
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Material Testing Reports
1. Site Survey & Planning (1–15)
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Site leveling ka process
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Plot orientation aur sunlight planning
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Contour mapping
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Soil testing aur bore log ka importance
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Water table check
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Site drainage planning
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Rainwater harvesting concept
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Access road aur site approach planning
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Plot boundary verification
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Plot area calculation
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North direction finding (Compass)
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Setting out of foundation
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Site clearance before construction
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Vegetation removal & site prep
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Temporary site office setup
2. Foundation (16–30)
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Types of foundation (Shallow/Deep)
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Load transfer concept
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Bearing capacity of soil
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Uniform vs Differential settlement
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Soil compaction importance
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Footing excavation method
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Base preparation before concrete
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PCC (Plain Cement Concrete) under footing
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Reinforcement detailing for footing
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Foundation curing process
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Dewatering for high water table
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Foundation alignment check
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Depth of foundation
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Column positioning & layout
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Anchor bolts installation
3. Concrete & Reinforcement (31–45)
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RCC mix design knowledge
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Water-cement ratio importance
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Slump test for workability
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Cube test for strength
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Curing process & duration
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Beam reinforcement placement
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Column reinforcement placement
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Slab reinforcement (one-way/two-way)
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Bar bending schedule reading
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Tying & binding of steel
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Cover blocks use
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Concrete pouring technique
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Vibrator usage
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Temperature & shrinkage control
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Formwork removal timing
4. Masonry & Walls (46–55)
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Brick vs Block masonry
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Bond patterns (English/Flemish)
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Plumb & level checking
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Mortar mix ratio
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Curing of masonry
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Wall thickness check
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Lintel installation
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Control joints in walls
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Cavity wall concept
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Damp proof course (DPC) installation
5. Flooring & Finishing (56–65)
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PCC & RCC flooring difference
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Tile & marble laying method
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Floor leveling
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Screeding process
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Expansion joints in flooring
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Plastering mix ratio
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Internal & external plaster
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Surface finishing types
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Painting prep & application
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Waterproofing in terraces & bathrooms
6. Doors, Windows & Roofing (66–75)
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Door & window alignment
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Lintel & frame checking
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Roofing types (RCC, truss, sheet)
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Roof slope checking
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Waterproofing in roof
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Parapet wall construction
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Skylight & ventilator installation
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Roof reinforcement detailing
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Drainage outlet provision
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Temporary shuttering safety
7. Safety & Codes (76–85)
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Personal protective equipment (PPE) use
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Site safety signage
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Fire safety awareness
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First aid availability
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Scaffolding safety
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Ladder & stair safety
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Electrical safety on site
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Material storage safety
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IS codes reference (IS 456, IS 1893, etc.)
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Earthquake & wind load awareness
8. Utilities & Services (86–95)
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Plumbing layout reading
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Drainage slope checking
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Water supply system
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Electrical conduit layout
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HVAC ducts (if applicable)
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Rainwater drainage pipe installation
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Sanitary fittings installation
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Fire hydrant & pipeline checking
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Cable trenching for electricity
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Manhole & inspection chamber checking
9. Documentation & Quality Control (96–100)
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Site daily report maintenance
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Material testing record
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Quality inspection checklist
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Progress measurement (length, area, volume)
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Bill of quantity (BOQ) verification
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